V/F (scalar) control keeps the voltage/frequency ratio constant; it is simple, low-cost and ideal for variable-torque loads like fans/pumps.
Vector control (FOC) decomposes motor current into torque and flux components, delivering high torque at low speed and precise speed/position; preferred for conveyors, hoisting and dynamic loads.
- Fan / pump
- V/F is sufficient
- High starting torque
- Vector (sensorless/with encoder)
- Precise positioning
- Vector + encoder
A wrong control mode or a missing motor ID run is a hidden cause of overcurrent and unstable operation.
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